Extradition of Cross-Border Cybercrime Perpetrators: A Comparative Study of Indonesia and Singapore
Keywords:
Extradition, Cybercrime, Cross-Border Crime, Mutual Legal Assistance, ASEAN CooperationAbstract
Transnational cybercrime challenges traditional state sovereignty and territorial jurisdiction paradigms underpinning extradition, creating acute enforcement gaps exploited by cybercriminal networks. This study conducts a comparative juridical analysis of cybercrime extradition frameworks in Indonesia and Singapore two ASEAN states with contrasting digital economies, distinct legal traditions, and divergent approaches to international cooperation. Utilizing normative legal research with statute, comparative, and case approaches, this study systematically analyzes primary sources (extradition and cybercrime laws, treaties, multilateral frameworks) and secondary scholarly sources from Sinta/Scopus indexed journals. Results identify three central findings: (1) Indonesia and Singapore maintain distinct legislative architectures, with Singapore operating a more sophisticated, integrated framework under the Computer Misuse Act and Extradition Act, contrasting Indonesia's fragmented approach under the EIT Law (UU ITE) and Law No. 1/1979; (2) the absence of a bilateral extradition treaty creates a structural gap impeding the prosecution of cybercriminals exploiting their geographic and jurisdictional proximity; and (3) alternative cross-border mechanisms, including mutual legal assistance (MLA) and INTERPOL, are insufficient substitutes for a treaty based framework given the volume and sophistication of cyber threats. The study concludes by proposing a bilateral cybercrime extradition treaty framework and specific domestic legal reforms to enhance cross border enforcement effectiveness.
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